The sympathetic and para-sympathetic components of the autonomic nervous system work in direct opposition to one another to regulate the heart.
The Sympathetic Nervous System innervates the heart through the cardiac plexus (a network of nerves at the base of the heart).
The primary neurotransmitter of the SNS is norepinephrine.
Norepinephrine increases heart rate and contractility force.
The Para-sympathetic Nervous System innervates the heart through the vagus nerve (the 10th cranial nerve).
The primary neurotransmitter of the PNS is acetylcholine.
Acetylcholine slows the heart rate and atrioventricular conduction.
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), is a water-soluble vitamin involved in the Kreb’s cycle of energy production and is also needed to make the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Vitamin B5 is also essential in producing, transporting and releasing energy from fats.
Liver, kidney, salmon and brown rice have high concentrations of Vitamin B5. Brown rice with wild rice compliments salmon patties and broiled salmon.
Sources:
www.cvphysiology.com
Physicians Desk Reference for Nutritional Supplements
www.pdr.com search pantothenic acid, Vitamin B5
Comments